比较级的使用

当表示事物和人物进行两者之间状态，程度和特征等的比较时，句子表达使用形容词和副词的比较级。

最高级的使用

当表示事物和人物进行三者或三者以上之间状态，程度和特征等的比较时，句子表达使用形容词和副词的最高级，表现在一个范围之内最突出的一个。

比较级、最高级构成方式：

A．adj / adv + er / est
poor→poorer→poorest            fast→faster→fastest

B．词尾e + r / st
large→larger→largest             fine→finer→finest

C．重读闭音节中短元音 + 辅音词尾→双写辅音词尾 + er / est.
big→bigger→biggest              hot→hotter→hottest

D．辅音 + y→i + er / est
dry→drier→driest                angry→angrier→angriest

E．多音节形容词及副词：
more + adj / adv         most + adj / adv

F．不规则变化：
good / well→better→best           bad / ill→worse→worst
many / much→more→most         little→less→least
late→later→ / latest
late→latter→last
far→farther→farthest
far→further→furthest

【用法示例】

比较级用于二者相比较，由than构成比较状语从句：

（1） ►. He looks stronger than I (do).
        ►. The climate of Shanghai is hotter than that of Beijing.
        ►. My Schoolbag is larger than hers.
        ►. The book is much more interesting than that one.
笔记要点：两个相比较的主语必须相对应。

（2） ►. It is getting colder and colder.
        ►. She is becoming more and more beautiful
笔记要点：两个形容词比较级由 and连在一起，表示“越来越……”。

（3） ►. The older we grow, the poorer our memory will be.
        ►. The earlier we start, the sooner we'll get there.
笔记要点：这种句型结构表示“越……越……”。

（4） ►. I prefer the cheaper one of the two books.
        ►. Of the two brothers, he is the cleverer.
笔记要点：二者之比较。而Of the three girls, she is the cleverest.

最高级与比较级：

三者或三者以上进行比较，“the + 形容词 / 副词est”。
(1) John is the tallest of the three.
He runs fastest in our class.（副词的最高级the可省略）
This is the most difficult book I've read.

(2) He is cleverer than any other boy in the class.（有than时只用比较级）
She is younger than all the other students.

测试精编

1. She is ________ than ________ .
A. busier / us      B. busier / we      C. more busy / us      D. more busy / we

2. Jane is ________ than Betty.
A. less taller       B. less tallest      C. less tall      D. not as tall

3. John's record was not so good as ________ in his team.
A. all the players                  B.any player's
C. other players                   D. any other player's

4. China is ________ country in the world.
A. the third largest      B. the largest third      C. the third large      D. a third largest

5. Shanghai has a larger population than ________ in china.
A. any city      B. all the cities      C. any other city      D. all other cities

II. 用所给词的比较级、最高级填空：
1. The window is ________ (narrow) of the two.
2. Where is the ________ (near) bus-stop?
3. He is one of ________ (famous) Politicians.
4. Do you have any ________ (far) questions to ask?
5. Tom drives much ________ (careful) than John.

KEYS

1. B    2. C    3. D    4. A    5. C

1. the narrower             
2. nearest
3. the most famous          
4. further          
5. more careful